The Relationship Network within Spatial Situation: Embeddedness and Spatial Constraints of Farmers’ Behaviors

It has been persuasively argued that relationship networks affect the socio-economic behaviors of actors. However, few studies have recognized location and context actors in network. To address this challenge, paper examined skill learning chain migration which were affected by network within spatial situation, using data covering 115 households specialized village fried dough sticks (youtiao). The results showed from neighbors with geographical closeness played an important role expanding space enhancing efficiency learning. could be noted establishment master-prentice was related to proximity farmers’ dwellings, constrained villagers’ group. Farmers’ closer distance farmers, nearer destination they choose. livelihoods differences contexts. Farmers smaller amounts cultivated land more likely flow into cities long for selling sticks, usually became fixed merchants. In contrast, farmers migrate countryside short mobile vendors. should better understand change regional livelihoods, if we will focus on embedded situation future research.